Seals

A. Shaft Seals



Shaft seals are gaskets made in elastomer and/or plastic material, with or without metal inserts and energizing springs, to be applied on shafts with relative rotary motion. They are primarily used for drivelines, axles, agriculture machines and construction equipment, compressors and pumps, mixers, robotics, gear motors and others.

Wide variety of seals are devices utilized to prevent any leakage or any exchange of media (pasty, liquid, and gaseous), to contain the pressure, and to exclude any contamination of dust, moisture, and dirt between two chambers that are subject to a relative either rotating or oscillating motion. But the primary sealing function is only one requisite an effective and reliably performing shaft seal needs to fulfill, as other features are essential too.

Materials
NBR, EPDM, HNBR, PTFE-Polytetrafluoroethylene and Polyurethane - a wide range of elastomer compounds are available.

  • Packing
  • Lip seals
  • Mechanical seals
  • Double seals
Seals Method Advantages Disadvantages
Packing Braided material compressed in stuffing box. Economical
Excellent for sealing viscous fluids
Poor seal for thin liquids, especially at higher pressures.
Requires lubrication - packing must be allowed to leak slightly.
Can damage the pump shaft.
Lip seal A circular elastomeric seal element in a rigid outer housing Economical
Vast variety including cartridge triple lip seals
Poor for thin, non-lubricating liquids or for abrasives
Typically limited to lower pressures
Can catastrophically fail
Mechanical seal Highly polished faces (one stationary and one rotating) running against each other Achieves zero leaks
Wide variety of designs and materials for nearly every application
Easily replaced or repaired
Seals are expensive
Higher-end double cartridge seals
Requires external support equipment


B. 1.2 Gaskets, O- rings and Rubber Products

A gasket is a mechanical seal which fills the space between two or more mating surfaces, generally to prevent leakage from or into the joined objects while under compression. A gasket is a deformable material that is used to create a static seal and maintain that seal under various operating conditions in a mechanical assembly. Gaskets allow for "less-than-perfect" mating surfaces on machine parts where they can fill irregularities. Given the potential cost and safety implications of faulty or leaking gaskets, it is critical that the correct gasket material is selected to fit the needs of the application.

The gaskets are of various types based on its suitability to applications

  • Flat Metal Gaskets
  • Spiral Wound Gaskets WITH an Inner Ring
  • Corrugated Metal Gaskets
  • Non-Asbestos Sheet Material Gaskets
  • Kammprofile Gasket
Gaskets are commonly produced by cutting from sheet materials-

  • Compressed Non-Asbestos Fiber (CNAF)
  • Graphite
  • Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
  • Rubber
  • Teflon

O-rings are designed to be a seated in a groove and compressed during assembly between two or more parts, creating a seal at the interface. It is one of the most common seals used in machine design. They are inexpensive and easy to make, reliable, and have simple mounting requirements. They can seal thousands of psi pressure.

Also other rubber products as per customer requirements.